Table 5 Different stages of Patient and Stakeholder Engagement (PSE)
Stage of study | Stakeholders’ engagement | Resources |
|---|---|---|
Study design | ▪ Selection of the research topic ▪ Identifying or prioritizing topics for research ▪ Checking the applicability of the research ▪ Developing and revising the research question ▪ Elaboration or approval of the research proposal or protocol ▪ Compilation of the grant proposal ▪ Designing interventions ▪ Design questions and interview guide ▪ Designing study inclusion criteria ▪ Develop, evaluate, or revise data collection tools ▪ Elaboration of informed consent form and details of participants | Boote et al. [30] Gesell et al. [3] Roach et al. [29] McShan et al. [7] Brown et al. [13] Hoekstra et al. [11] |
Study conduct | ▪ Literature review ▪ Selecting participants for the study ▪ Expressing opinions in various contexts such as forms of data collection and informed consent، study applications ▪ Conducting a pilot study and providing feedback ▪ Data collection ▪ Planning interviews ▪ Data analysis and interpretation ▪ Conducting interviews or managing focus group discussions ▪ Training participants in the field of interventions ▪ Supervision of study implementation | Boote et al. [30] Gesell et al. [3] Roach et al. [29] McShan et al. [7] Brown et al. [13] Hoekstra et al. [11] |
Dissemination of findings | ▪ Feedback on the comprehensibility and fluency of the published findings ▪ Feedback on the best strategies for disseminating findings (timeliness and effectiveness) ▪ Participating in preparing the manuscript of the article or reviewing and providing feedback ▪ Knowledge translation activities ▪ Translation of scientific data into comprehensive and understandable language ▪ Presentation of study results in conferences ▪ Providing clinical recommendations and policy briefs ▪ Planning on how to publish findings ▪ Developing key messages | Boote et al. [30] Gesell et al. [3] McShan et al. [7] Brown et al. [13] Hoekstra et al. [11] |