Table 1 Variables of interest for subgroup analysis
From: Effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among adults: an overview of systematic reviews
Category of analysis | Variables of interest |
|---|---|
Populations | • Fewer versus more quit attempts • Opportunistic versus individuals seeking treatment (or based on motivation to quit) • Baseline level of nicotine dependence (e.g. using a validated scale or cigarettes per day as a proxy) • By demographic factors (age, socio-economic status (SES), sex, ethnicity, (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer and others (LGBTQ+)) • By comorbid conditions (e.g. mental illness, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obesity, substance use disorder) |
Intervention-related variables | • Dose, type, duration, number of sessions • Specific forms of an intervention (e.g. yoga as a form of exercise) • Behavioural change technique (e.g. providing information on consequences of smoking, explaining the importance of abrupt cessation, receiving prompt commitment from the patient) |
Settings | • Family medicine clinics • Walk-in clinics • Smoking cessation clinics • Urgent care facilities • Emergency departments • Public health units • Pharmacies • Dental offices • Behavioural health/substance use treatment facilities (ambulatory or outpatient) • Telehealth • Academic research settings |
Other variables | • By industry funding status |