Table 2 Recommendations for taking a photo of the oral cavity by mobile phone in teledentistry
Factors | Description |
|---|---|
General factors | The patient can seek the assistance of others to take pictures as much as possible [13] Patients must clean their hands prior to taking a photograph [13] If dentists take a photo, they must wear gloves without powder during photography [15] Cleaning the smartphone screen [15], Do not put any covering on the phone [15] Protocol regarding number, angles, or views for clinical photos (depends on the location of the lesion and its size) [15] A photograph of the lesion must be taken before undertaking to consistently document the rest of the oral cavity [31] |
Light | Choose a site with adequate illumination [13] Using natural light, but not direct sunlighting [15] For dental clinics use an extra source of light from the dental chair [12] Avoiding overexposed [12, 15, 51], Avoiding underexposed [12, 15, 51] Using artificial illumination if the mobile phone camera flash is not in forced mode [12] |
Patient position | For selfie photos: Use the mirror to control the alignment [12] Standing right in front of the mirror(1 m from the mirror) [12] The lens must be on the level (height) of the mouth and well forward [12] Do not move the mobile phone and head simultaneously for overall framing [12] Watch the screen in the mirror while taking a photograph not the lens [12] Moving tongue to the side opposite the area to be photographed for pictures of the interior of the lower jaw [12] For taking photo by others: The patient sits across from the person [12], using their smartphone screen to frame the picture [12] |
Phone position | For taking a photo outside of the jaw: Keep the camera sufficiently far from the mouth to frame the entire jaw [12] For taking a photo inside of the jaw: Bring the camera near to mouth, place the lens at the bottom for a picture of the palate, and turn the top of the camera forward so that the lens is facing up. Then flex the head back (12] To take a picture of the jugal mucosa, rotate the lens and head slightly to the left so that the inside of the cheek is oriented towards the lens (12] |
Setting of mobile phone camera | Set landscape (horizontal) format (16:9) [12] Choose the highest resolution (dimensions and weight) offered by the smartphone’s camera Selecting audible indicator [12] Assigning the “shutter release” or “take picture” function to the sound buttons on the phone for selfie [12] Using only the back mobile phone camera with at least 3 MP [12] Not use magnification (stay on the × 1 (1 ×) zoom). Including surrounding structure to provide information on the orientation, site, and size of the lesion [12, 13] |
Photo sending requirements | Communication tool: Email, teledentistry platform, social network application, secure cloud sharing application [12, 13, 30,31,32, 54] Demographic information [13] |
Photo visualization | Dis Play tools: Smartphone [41, 42], Monitor of laptop or desktop [29, 30, 32, 54] Ex:” iPhone 4s (Apple Inc. USA) with a screen size of 3.5″, “Galaxy S III (Samsung Electronics Ltd. – Korea) with a screen size of 4.8” Ex: “a 14-inch color monitor (KV M1401U; Sony Corporation, Slough, England) “,” A 43-cm color monitor”,” a desktop or a laptop with a 14-inch screen or larger,” display resolution of 1080 × 1920 pixels”, “on computer screens, using secure, interactive conferencing software (Bridgit; Smart Technologies, Calgary, AB, Canada)” Conditions: Images should not enhance or modify [41, 42, 54] |